![]() "Joan Miró," February 1–28, 1942, no catalogue. (frontispiece as "The Potato," lent by a private collection, New York). "Abstract Paintings by European and American Artists," September 19–October 15, 1933, no catalogue. "Abstract Paintings by European and American Artists," August 8–September 3, 1933, no catalogue. 6 (as "Pomme de Terre," lent by Valentine Gallery). ![]() "Abstract Paintings by European and American Artists," June 29–July 24, 1933, no. "Abstract Paintings by European and American Artists," April 25–May 28, 1933, no catalogue. California Palace of the Legion of Honor. 33 (as "Pomme de terre," lent by the Valentine Gallery, New York). "Newer Super-realism," November 10–December 7, 1931, no. "Modern Paintings and Sculpture for the Modern Home," September 22–October 15, 1931, no catalogue. "Paintings by Joan Miró," January 27–February 17, 1931, no. Beyond the earthiness of the subject, the painting's title appears to be derived from the representation of an actual, recognizable potato: lodged in the woman's forehead is a small, brown, oval object with three tendrils growing out of its upper edge. At the left, a red and yellow "butterfly-woman" takes flight from her brown banana-like nose as other creatures climb a ladder-one of Miró's favorite motifs. The figure has one brown-and-black breast that "squirts" a long, black, winding thread, as elfin creatures flutter in the sky around her. Miró surrounded his merry "potato-earth-woman" with fanciful decorative objects, some of which are "earthy" and some not. The billowing white shape of the figure is attached to a red post in the center of the composition like a scarecrow on a pole. She is set against a blue sky and above a patch of earth-perhaps a potato field. It takes as its subject a gigantic female figure who stretches her arms wide. Potato is emblematic of Miró's poetic riffs on reality. Often beginning with a recognizable starting point, Miró transformed his subjects through whimsical color and free play with form. Drawing on the possibilities of free invention encouraged by Surrealism, Miró developed a style that drew from highly personalized and psychological references. This deliberate remove from the center of the art world is symptomatic of Miró's independence, a temperament that would mark his art as well as his life. ![]() Although he was associated with French Surrealism and its practitioners and lived in Paris during the early part of his career, he returned to settle in Spain after World War II. Born in the Spanish province of Catalonia, Joan Miró was deeply influenced by his country's native landscape and artistic heritage.
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![]() Most warts are removed through burning or surgery. If a filiform wart is causing issues, see your doctor to remove it.įiliform warts on the fingers and hands are easier to treat than those on the face. None of the current vaccines target the strains that cause filiform warts, though.įor most people, filiform warts will go away over time thanks to the body’s immune system. Vaccines can prevent certain HPV strains. ![]() ![]() There’s no cure for HPV at the moment, but symptoms can be managed. You cant be 100 sure its a skin tag.Most treatments work to remove the warts, but they don’t remove the virus. Tea Tree Oil is excessively used for a variety of skin host problems. While there are some home remedies for removing skin tags self-removal isnt recommended for skin tags that grow on your eyelid because the area is small and sensitive. If you want to remove your pesky skin tags AS WELL as getting baby-soft skin then simply apply vitamin E daily to your skin growths on the eyelid until it falls off. And dermatologists can accurately diagnose growths that are not skin tags. ![]() Its sprayed out of a can and is approximately. Some treatments are too drastic and are not recommended to be used for removing an eyelid skin tag.Įven using an over-the-counter product to remove skin tags is not ideal. Your doctor will first numb the area and then cut off the skin tag with a scalpel or special medical scissors. Since your eyelids are sensitive parts be careful not to hard the skin.Ī doctor may use cryotherapy or extreme cold to remove a skin tag from your eyelid. From treating acne to treating blemishes and especially skin tags. I apply a small amount of numbing medication and then simply snip off the tag from the base.Īll skin tags are sent to a pathologist who examines the tissue under a microscope to ensure. Heres why it pays to leave skin tag removal to the professionals. A doctor can also use a small pair of sterile scissors to cut smaller skin tags off. A quick Internet search will yield a variety of do-it-yourself suggestions for removing skin tags including.Īttempting to remove a skin tag from your eyelid could result in problems like an eye infection bleeding scarring or even damage to your. Small Skin-Tag Removal If the skin tag is very small the first thing Geraghty does is spray the bump with liquid nitrogen a nontoxic substance. This procedure is said to work best if you cover the vitamin E and tag under the eye with a. Dab a cotton swab in apple cider vinegar and then place the cotton swab over the skin tag. A dermatologist is the most qualified to remove skin tags.Īnother way to remove skin tags is to cut them off. Acrochordons can occur in every part of the body. Soak a cotton swab in apple cider vinegar and then place the cotton swab over the skin tag. Add 2-3 drops of tea tree oil to the wet cotton ball. In this procedure an instrument such as tweezers or a cotton swab is first soaked in liquid nitrogen and then applied to the skin tag by your doctor to freeze it off. They also excel in minimizing scarring which is important for skin tags on your neck. If you do want to remove skin tags around your eyes or under your eyes you need to have it done by a professional such as a dermatologist. If the solution is too concentrated you can try diluting it with a few drops of water. They are not harmful but can be disturbing especially if they are found on body parts like face neck armpit groin and under the breasts. Applying tea tree oil daily Applying an over-the-counter skin tag removal cream Tying a clean string around the skin tag. They do this by cutting through the thin stalk that attaches the skin tag to the eyelid. They have the skills and training to treat delicate problems like skin tags on your eyelids. If a skin tag on eyelid is interfering with your vision removal definitely helps. Removal of eyelid skin tags at home might cause permanent eye damage. Usually there is a small scab that heals in a few days. Some treatments used to get rid of skin tags you might want to avoid when dealing with areas on or around the eyes include cutting tying off freezing and burning.Īpple cider vinegar is one of my top choices in best ways to remove skin tags on the eyelid. Always have a professional remove a skin tag. In rare cases a growth you think is a skin tag may be something else entirely including a wart or a skin cancer such as melanoma. The skin tag on the eyelash line is an unattractive small skin growth that can occur around your eyes.ĥ Most Preferable Home Remedies To Remove Skin Tags On Eyelids Skin Tag Removal Skin Tag On Eyelid Skin Tags On Face Wrap the section in a bandage for 15 to 30 minutes and then wash the. When patients come to me with eyelid skin tags I usually remove them the same day right in the office. SimAirport Money Cheat Dont worry, we are not going to show you mods, hacks or anything to download. Instant Research Cheat When you want to speed up your research just keep right clicking on the technology you want to research. Trainer Download Features: Instant Build Change Money Instant Research SimAirport Cheat Instructions Activating this trainer: Press F1 at main menu. Prison break season 5 download utorrentĪbout SimAirport Gameplay A refreshingly modern pure agent-based simulation.ĭeeply simulated gameplay where each detail makes an impact down to the trash cans. ![]() ![]() These SimAirport cheats are designed to enhance your experience with the game. And then you could use that value as part of address to each of the different values you cared about, for example Base+20 for Money and (just a random example) Base+10 for XP.Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts Log In Sign Up User account menu 17 SimAirport Modding: What YOU need to know.Īll rights reserved Back to Top We use cookies on our websites for a number of purposes, including analytics and performance, functionality and advertising. Often the register, esi in this case, points to some "player info" "struct" with several other useful values nearby, so you might want to just store esi instead of esi+20 (look at it in the data dissector and see if you can find any other useful values you can see Geri's tutorial here if you don't know how, or do a search on youtube, I recall there being a couple video tutorials). (after preview and seeing your update) Hm, though simply storing the address works too. Or use "fstp st(0)" to pop the intended value without storing it anywhere in memory (probably slightly more efficient) Or prevent the load. Then you can use "newmem" instead creating another label for "Money" (admittedly creating a label that describes it is more "self-documenting".).Īlso, since it whatever value was on the FPU stack that was going to be stored would also have beenpopped you'll probably want to do two "fstp"s One to pop the intended value and then, after loading the new value, to store and pop yours. ![]() ""+46ABE76A: 0F B6 45 D0 - movzx eax,byte ptr Īobscan(aobMoney,DD 5E 20 8B 05 78 8F ?)Īdded address manually, pointer title Money, now everytime I restart game I must lose money and then I can activate and then lose more money and then the value will pop up and will be changeable.Īlternatively you can change the "jmp newmem", which is not assembly code you want executed due to the double value, to "jmp code", which is. ![]() ORIGINAL CODE - INJECTION POINT: 46ABE744 The Script crashes my game instantly, I wanted to ask is my Script wrong? Or could it be that everything is accessing the same instruction such like in Shadow Warrior 2 so I need to use String to make a Script here?Īobscan(aobMoney,DD 5E 20 8B 05 78 8F A2 06) ORIGINAL CODE - INJECTION POINT: 46A0319C Increase the concentration of blocker (e.g., 3–5% BSA, casein, or nonfat dry milk).Careful attention to your handling and protocol steps is required, and multiple trials may be necessary to resolve this problem. If you observe high background across the blot, there are a number of likely causes. See Blotting Membranes and Papers to learn more about the different types available and their properties If the membrane dries, rewet in methanol and re-equilibrate in TBS-T (caution: may adversely affect downstream detection processes) Once wet, do not allow membrane to dry out. Because of the hydrophobic nature of PVDF, the membrane must be prewetted in methanol prior to equilibration in aqueous transfer buffer. PVDF: White regions on PVDF membrane indicate areas where the membrane was either inappropriately prewetted or allowed to dry out.Equilibrate in transfer buffer until ready to use If wetting does not occur immediately by immersion of the sheet in transfer buffer, heat distilled water until just under boiling point and soak the membrane until completely wet. Nitrocellulose: White regions on the nitrocellulose membrane indicate dry areas where protein will not bind.Use a cooling coil or “blue ice” insert in the cellĬooling for Bio-Rad Wet Tank Blotting Systems:ĭried out or improperly hydrated membrane.Perform transfer in tank apparatus placed in ice or a temperature-controlled (4☌) room.Reduce current, and increase transfer time to compensate.High-intensity transfers in tank blotting sample can cause buffer heating, leading to bubble formation ensure that buffer remains cool.Visualize total protein on gels and blots using Bio-Rad’s Stain-Free Gels featuring our proprietary Stain-Free Technology). ![]() To verify protein transfer, stain the membrane with Ponceau S after blotting.To determine if there is residual, untransferred protein remaining on the gel, use a total protein stain on the gel after transfer, e.g., Coomassie, colloidal gold, or SYPRO Ruby.For example, Coomassie and colloidal gold are not compatible with downstream steps (see Bio-Rad Protein Stains and the Protein Stain Selection Guide). If planning to use the blot in downstream steps, make sure that your stain can be removed or is compatible with antibody detection. ![]()
![]() We receive either the “Connection failed to xxx Server” or nothing happens. In both cases we are unable to successfully connect to the company VPN using any version of the FortiClient-VPN-only client for Mac OS (ranging between 6.0.x -7.) on devices running Monterey. In two cases I have had two different things happen, which is why I mention the OS + M1 vs Intel chip builds. Some are running on M1 chips and others on 2019 intel chips. So, I have been fighting with this exact issue for a client of ours that are strictly running Mac osX ranging from 10.14.x (Mojave) – 12.x (Monterey). When your work is done, Disconnect from FortiClient. You should now be connected and signed into your FTNT computer and have full access to your files, applications, and the network. Click Remote Desktop Connectionģ.Enter your FTNT network username in this format: domain\username.Ĥ.At the FTNT computer sign-on prompt, enter your AHS network username and password again. Use the Windows search tool to search for remote desktop. Remote Desktop Connection is provided as part of the Windows. Note: The target FTNT computer must be powered on and no other user can be logged on.įortiClient must be active and connected. *Note that this screen displays the assigned IP address from the SSL VPN located inside FTNT.Īfter you have successfully connected FortiClient, it can be used with the Remote Desktop Connection (RDP) tool to remotely access an FTNT computer from your personal computer. ![]() The window will minimize to the task bar. A connection to the AHS SSL VPN portal will be established. If you have an RSA SecurID hard token (fob): Enter your PIN + the 4 digit token (without spaces) that displays on your token.ħ.Click Connect. Do not enter the PIN as part of the FortiClient password. If you have an RSA SecurID soft token: Enter the 8-digit token that displays on your device (mobile phone). The Connection Name and Username should be automatically populated. Username: Enter your FTNT network user name (optional) On the New VPN Connection screen, enter the following information:Ĭonnection Name: Enter a name, such as FTNT VPN.Select the Acknowledge checkbox and then click I accept.Make sure the remote computer is available and the firewall is not blocking screen sharing.'.īoth computers have Norton 360 installed but disabling firewall protection on both does not change anything. However, trying to connect I get the error ' Connection failed to "" Unable to communicate with “”. I entered the Mac-mini's IP address to the ARD app as it was shown in its preferences as I was granting access to I have enabled remote access in the preferences on my Mac-mini and installed Apple Remote Desktop (v.3.9.5) on my MacBook. ![]() I have FortiClient FortiClientVPN 7.0.2 installed and configured on my MacBook according to the IT department it connects to the university's network as the log reports indicate. I want to connect from home (MacBook Air) to work (Mac-mini) both with macOS Monterey (v.12). Since macOS-based computers are very rare our IT department does not provide any help for the system. My university utilizes FortiClientVPN to enable connection to the university's network to work remotely. ![]() This makes the simple open circle become a delicious scoop of ice cream! You know when you get an ice cream cone, and there is that little bit that hangs over the side? This is what that line represents. Once you have the open circle drawn, connect the open points with a wavy line. The size of your ice cream will determine the size of the rest of the drawing, so don’t make it too small. The best way to do this is to draw the letter C with the opening facing down. Draw a circle that is open at the bottom. Once you are all set up and ready to draw, the first step is to draw the ice cream. They are like snowflakes! You don’t have to worry if it doesn’t look exactly like the example or even what the other person is drawing. Remember, no ice cream cone looks exactly the same. Your little artist can pull it up and try it out while talking to grandma or even try it between calls. There is a great step-by-step visual on how to draw an ice cream cone that you can use to go along with these instructions. Showing kids that drawing isn’t just for kids can help them foster their artistic ability beyond grade school.īefore you get started, open Caribu. Well, kids usually stop drawing because they see the grownups in their lives stop drawing. You should draw too! Do you remember when you were a kid and the joy that you felt when drawing? Why did we stop? Okay, grownups, don’t think you are off the hook here. They will feel so proud of themselves when they are finished that they’ll want to show it off to anyone they can. If your kid knows how to draw basic shapes, they’ll be able to draw this. This drawing is so fun and most importantly, easy to follow. If you need help finding something to draw with your kids, starting off with something easy, like an ice cream cone, is a great first step. It also helps little ones stay put for more than 30 seconds (oftentimes a daunting task) during these video-calls. Drawing together over a video-call can break up these walls and help them connect. If the only time your child gets to visit with their loved ones is on video-chat, this can add another potential wall between them and Aunt Lauren. Your child will be proud to show off their creation, and it gets them out of answering boring adult questions. ![]() Have the adult ask questions about what they are drawing. If the grownup is especially good at drawing, they will likely amaze the child and make the interaction more comfortable for everyone.Įven if they are not good at drawing, just sitting down and doodling together may help the little one feel less nervous. Try to let the little artist be in their own element and let the grandparents, aunt, or uncle go to them. Instead of trying to push the kid to answer all sorts of questions, find something that can make the little one feel comfortable, while still trying to engage with them.ĭrawing is a great way for kids to build bonds with the grownups in their life. Maybe they have an aunt or uncle that only comes around once in a while, so your child might not be totally comfortable around them yet. Is your little one a little slow to warm up when they’re around new people? Sometimes this can happen even if they know someone, but don’t see them often. Drawing Can Help Kids Build Bonds With Their Loved Ones You will probably hear the most creative stories! They will also love the one-on-one attention you give them. Ask your kids questions about what they are drawing. Most adults have trouble with this skill, so it’s certainly no easy feat for children.ĭrawing can help with language skills as well. ![]() In order to draw, kids have to think of what they want to draw and be able to duplicate that on paper. It also helps with cognitive development. ![]() As adults, most of us don’t remember what it was like to first hold a pencil or a crayon, but it’s a hard skill to master. This conversation happens at everyone’s houses, right? Even though all the paper (so much paper) is everywhere, encouraging their drawing is so important for their development.Ĭreating art can help with their fine motor skills. “Sweetheart, can I throw this away?” “No, it’s a picture of my favorite jump rope for daddy!” You probably have little pictures all over your house of random drawings that are special (yes, even the one that literally has one line on it). If they know how to draw a circle, triangle, and some lines, they are sure to be a pro at drawing an ice cream cone. Is your little artist starting to be more interested in drawing real things, and not just coloring from a coloring book or doing the toddler scribble? While they may not be quite ready for super detailed drawings, an easy place to start is an ice cream cone. ![]() Just the discounts, promotions, parties, and fun you want to know about, straight to your inbox. Like (opens in a new window) Comment (opens in a new window) This ain’t your regular paint and sip □ Over here the drinks are unlimited & included with your ticket □ All you need to do? Pull up! Our Wall of Flame □ Paint one of your faves at our Rapper’s Delight class every Sunday PNP Harlem! Which of the goats are you tryna paint? □.Today marks the 14th Anniversary of Jay-Z’s “American Gangster” □ When he’s not making hits, you can catch him being Bey’s personal photographer □□ Tag someone who gets your angles like Hov does!. ![]() We’re celebrating National Hip Hop Month all November! Check out our Rapper’s Delight classes while enjoying our unlimited drinks □ Come drink, paint & rep yo set! Tickets available now □
![]() What a Buyer’s Agent DoesĪ buyer’s agent actually does much of their work before they even meet their client. A buyer should not expect the seller’s agent to watch out for their best interests, and vice versa buyers’ and sellers’ agents are both simply trying to get their clients the best deal possible. In almost all cases, though, they only represent one or the other – and have a responsibility to do so honestly and professionally. Now that we’re all on the same page, let’s talk about buyer’s and seller’s agents.īottom Line: All realtors have the knowledge and qualifications to represent either the buyer or the seller in a transaction. If you’re a buyer without an agent, and a seller’s agent offers to help you purchase the home that their client is selling, be very careful. Even so, there are some agents who can’t resist collecting a dual commission, so it does happen about 10% of the time. That’s why many realtors and brokers refuse to represent both sides, and it’s why eight states have made it illegal. That conflict can lead to a messy negotiation, and at least one unhappy party to the transaction. Ethically, however, they should be trying to get the full price on behalf of the seller – while at the same time, they should be trying to get the lowest possible price for the buyer. That’s known as dual agency, and it can be tricky.įor instance, the agent may know that the seller will accept an offer that’s $20,000 lower than the asking price. It’s possible, in most states, for an agent (or their employer, the broker) to represent both the buyer and seller. Even though the seller pays the buying agent’s commission, the buying agent has no responsibility to represent the seller’s interests at any time – and sellers should not expect any “favors” from the buying agent just because they’re footing the bill. Each realtor normally receives between 2½-3½% of the sale price, although those percentages can be negotiated at the start of a client-agent relationship.īy long-standing tradition, the seller is responsible for paying both realtors, and that can lead to misunderstandings. Once a home has been sold, both the buyer’s agent and seller’s agent are paid their commissions from the proceeds. Don’t ask us why we don’t understand it either. And for some reason, the buyer’s agent is referred to as the “selling agent” in some areas, once a purchase contract is signed. The seller’s agent is often called the “listing agent,” because they list the property for sale with the MLS. The descriptions of agents can vary from location to location. While we’re dealing in facts, here are several more. And even if your decision will mean that a sale falls through (and costs them their commission), it’s their duty to represent you throughout the process. Even if they disagree with your decisions, it’s their responsibility to represent you. Your agent should always be responsive to what you want, not to what the “other side” wants.But you should only trust – and confide in – the agent who’s representing you, not the one on the other team. They have a responsibility to disclose all pertinent facts about the home and the transaction to the other side. The realtors on both sides of a transaction may be terrific and accommodating people.That means two things for buyers and sellers. (In fact, in most states the agents have a legal responsibility to use their best efforts to represent their clients.) But the primary goal of the buyer’s agent is to get the possible deal for the buyer, and the primary goal of the seller’s agent is to get the best possible deal for the seller. Sure, they each want the home to be sold. Here it is: they work for “different teams.” The Most Important Fact about Buyer’s and Seller’s Agents Their responsibilities, however, are quite different. The qualifications a realtor needs to be a buyer’s agent and a seller’s agent are exactly the same. If they called themselves a “buyer’s agent,” for example, they might scare away potential clients looking for an agent to help them sell their homes. There’s a good reason why realtors don’t advertise as buyer’s agents or seller’s agents: virtually all of them are ready and willing to represent either side of a transaction, and most usually work with different buyers and sellers simultaneously. There’s essentially no difference between an agent and a realtor.) (About half of American agents call themselves “realtors,” which simply means that they belong to the National Association of Realtors and subscribe to that organization’s code of ethics. When you’re searching for a real estate agent, you won’t find anyone advertising themselves as a “buyer’s agent” or a “seller’s agent.” They’re simply “real estate agents.” ![]() The discussion here seems to indicate that – After running about the net, I came across two pieces of information – I thought to myself – what if I was going to make a dessert for vegetarians/vegans – how would I do it? So the first thing I needed to research was what the recommended gelatin-to-agar conversion measurements were. It’s been my impression that gelatin is used in a lot of applications. I’ve been contemplating trying both recipes. 97) that uses gelatin to get the job done Iron Chef Morimoto has a tofu cheesecake that apparently also uses gelatin. Iron Chef Chen has an ‘almond pudding’ (which he also refers to as ‘annin tofu’) in his book (p. Give our Tiramisu Panna Cotta recipe a try! It couples your two favorite Italian desserts into one tasty treat.A couple of years ago, I tried to make ‘almond tofu’ from scratch using agar but got mixed results and most of the time, the end result was too firm or didn’t quite have that ‘jiggle factor’ that kinugoshi tofu has. 1 (0.25 oz.) envelope granulated gelatin = 1 tablespoon powdered gelatin = 3 sheets leaf gelatin. This gelatin is 225 bloom and can be converted to sheet gelatin pretty easily. But for most of us the first gelatin we used was store bought granulated gelatin. Sheets to GranulatedĪs seen above I added two types of granulated gelatin into the chart. Alternately, if your recipe calls for 10g of platinum and all you have is titanium you would use 13.9g. So for example, if your recipe calls for 10g of titanium but all you have is platinum you would use 7.1g. So for your viewing pleasure we have created a chart to help you out. If you need 10g of titanium gelatin (2 sheets) your recipe will not come out right if you use 10g of gold gelatin (5 sheets). Now, there are instances where sheet gelatin will be measured by weight. So if you have a recipe that calls for 5 sheets of bronze and all you have is gold, you can substitute the gold 1:1 with the bronze. Here are the weights for one sheet of each type of gelatin. The weight of the sheets varies which allows for them to have the same gellin power as each other. One sheet from each type of gelatin will have the exact same gel strength. While this is technically true, this does not mean you will need to lower the amount of sheets per recipe. One misconception is that the stronger the bloom the less gelatin you will need to use. Platinum or 230+ bloom gelatin should be used for the clearest gel possible, this is best used in consomme and gummies. Titanium or 120 bloom gelatin is a perfectly fine gelatin that is good for foods where you don’t need to worry about the clarity, items like chaud froid. The numbers are attributed to the strength and clarity of the gel. Sheet gelatin comes in many different bloom strengths 120 (titanium), 140 (bronze), 160 (silver), 200 (gold), and 230+ (platinum). ![]() “How do I convert all the types of gelatin?” May the Bloom be With You If a recipe calls for gelatin so you use granulated or sheet? What about the Bloom strength? What if I dont have the correct bloom sheet? What’s the meaning of life? All these questions will come up when attempting to figure out what gelatin to use. But there seems to be quite a bit of confusion when it comes to conversion. Its low melting point and ease of use makes it one of the best gelling agents. Whether it’s granulated or in sheets, gelatin is one of the most widely used ingredients in any kitchen. ![]() ![]() Here, I offer a window into the first weapon of mass destruction (WMD) by charting the development and use of gas warfare during World War I. The attack that spring day, nonetheless, marked a turning point in military history, as it is recognized as the first successful use of lethal chemical weapons on the battlefield. Within days, both armies once again faced each other from the same opposing fortifications. Surprised by the apparent success of the attack, and having no plan to send a large offensive force in after the gas, the Germans were unable to take advantage of the situation. However, their faith in this wonder weapon was limited. ![]() The German High Command sanctioned the use of gas in the hope that this new weapon would bring a decisive victory, breaking the enduring stalemate of trench warfare. Then there staggered into our midst French soldiers, blinded, coughing, chests heaving, faces an ugly purple color, lips speechless with agony, and behind them in the gas soaked trenches, we learned that they had left hundreds of dead and dying comrades. Greenish-gray clouds swept down upon them, turning yellow as they traveled over the country blasting everything they touched and shriveling up the vegetation. figures running wildly in confusion over the fields. 2 A British soldier described the pandemonium that flowed from the front lines to the rear. Within a matter of minutes, this slow moving wall of gas killed more than 1000 French and Algerian soldiers, while wounding approximately 4000 more. The surprise use of chlorine gas allowed the Germans to rupture the French line along a 6-kilometer (3.7-mile) front, causing terror and forcing a panicked and chaotic retreat. Disregarding intelligence reports about the strange cylinders prior to the attack, the French troops were totally unprepared for this new and horrifying weapon. The order to release the gas was entrusted to German military meteorologists, who had carefully studied the area’s prevailing wind patterns. Filled with pressurized liquid chlorine, the cylinders had been clandestinely installed by the Germans more than 3 weeks earlier. Within 10 minutes, 160 tons of chlorine gas drifted over the opposing French trenches, engulfing all those downwind. IN THE LATE AFTERNOON OF April 22, 1915, members of a special unit of the German Army opened the valves on more than 6000 steel cylinders arrayed in trenches along their defensive perimeter at Ypres, Belgium. |
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